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Kidney disease, also known as renal disease, happens when the kidneys have become damaged or have a problem with their structure that prevents them from filtering blood the way they should. As a result, waste and extra fluid can build up in the body.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition that occurs when the kidneys have become damaged over a longer period (for at least 3 months). In most cases, developing CKD is a slow process with very few symptoms at first. Many people with reduced kidney function are not even aware they have CKD. CKD can range from mild to severe and often gets worse over time, though treatment can slow it down. Some people develop kidney (renal) failure, which may require dialysis or kidney transplant to survive.
Having diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and a family history of kidney disease can all increase the risk of CKD. It also increases the risk of other health problems like stroke and heart disease. It’s important to get tested for CKD regularly if you're at risk. Healthy lifestyle choices such as eating a healthy diet, being physically active, not smoking, and taking medications when needed can help treat and prevent CKD.
From 2017 to 2020, Hispanic/Latino adults were 8% more likely to have chronic kidney disease than U.S. adults overall.
In 2022, Hispanics/Latinos were 10% less likely to die of kidney disease than the U.S. population overall.
In 2023, Hispanic/Latino Medicare patients with diabetes were 2% more likely than Medicare patients with diabetes nationwide to receive an annual urinary microalbumin test, which checks for early kidney problems.
Adults ages 18 and over with chronic kidney disease stages 1–4, crude percentage, 2021–2023
Hispanic
Total Population
Ratio (Hispanic / Total)
31.0
41.7
0.74
Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2026, January 28). National diabetes statistics report (Crude Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adults Aged 18 Years or Older, Overall and by Race and Ethnicity, United States, 2021–2023). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Adults ages 18 and over with chronic kidney disease stages 3–4, crude percentage, 2021–2023
Hispanic
Total Population
Ratio (Hispanic / Total)
7.7
17.6
0.44
Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2026, January 28). National diabetes statistics report (Crude Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adults Aged 18 Years or Older, Overall and by Race and Ethnicity, United States, 2021–2023). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Adults ages 18 and over with chronic kidney disease stages 3–4 who know they have reduced kidney function, percentage, 2021–2023
Hispanic
Total Population
Ratio (Hispanic / Total)
29.5
33.8
0.87
Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2026, January 28). National diabetes statistics report (Crude Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adults Aged 18 Years or Older, Overall and by Race and Ethnicity, United States, 2021–2023). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Adjusted incidence of end-stage renal disease, cases per million persons, 2022
Hispanic
Total Population
Ratio (Hispanic / Total)
513
381
1.35
Note: Source uses bridged race and ethnicity categories.
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis (kidney disease) mortality, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population, 2022
Hispanic
Total Population
Ratio (Hispanic / Total)
Male
14.9
16.7
0.89
Female
10.5
11.6
0.91
Both Sexes
12.4
13.8
0.90
Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. (2025). Deaths: Final data for 2022 (National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 74, No. 4, Table 11). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Health Care Use
Annual urinary microalbumin measurement among Medicare beneficiaries with diagnosed diabetes, percentage, 2023
